大型航空模型的制作與擺設(shè)需兼顧安全性、美觀性與耐久性，從材料選擇到場景布置都有諸多細(xì)節(jié)需要把控，以下是具體注意事項：

　　The production and decoration of large aviation models need to take into account safety, aesthetics, and durability. There are many details that need to be controlled from material selection to scene layout. The following are specific precautions:

　　在制作環(huán)節(jié)，材料的選擇是基礎(chǔ)。需根據(jù)模型的尺寸與展示需求，挑選強(qiáng)度與重量平衡的材料，例如主體框架可選用輕質(zhì)合金或高強(qiáng)度塑料，既保證結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)固，又能減輕整體重量，避免因自重過大導(dǎo)致變形。表面裝飾材料需考慮耐久性，若模型用于長期擺設(shè)，應(yīng)選用耐氧化、不易褪色的涂料或貼紙，避免陽光直射下出現(xiàn)開裂、變色。對于細(xì)節(jié)部件如機(jī)翼、尾翼，需確保連接部位的牢固性，可采用榫接加膠水加固的方式，同時預(yù)留一定的緩沖空間，防止搬運或擺放時因輕微碰撞而損壞。

　　In the production process, material selection is the foundation. Materials that balance strength and weight should be selected based on the size and display requirements of the model. For example, lightweight alloys or high-strength plastics can be used for the main frame to ensure structural stability and reduce overall weight, avoiding deformation caused by excessive self weight. Surface decorative materials need to consider durability. If the model is used for long-term decoration, it should be coated with oxidation resistant and non fading paint or stickers to avoid cracking and discoloration under direct sunlight. For detailed components such as wings and tail fins, it is necessary to ensure the firmness of the connection parts, which can be reinforced by mortising and gluing. At the same time, a certain buffer space should be reserved to prevent damage due to minor collisions during handling or placement.

　　結(jié)構(gòu)搭建需遵循比例還原與力學(xué)平衡原則。嚴(yán)格按照原型機(jī)的比例縮放，確保機(jī)身、機(jī)翼、尾翼的相對位置準(zhǔn)確，避免因比例失衡影響美觀。搭建過程中要注重重心穩(wěn)定，大型模型的底部支撐結(jié)構(gòu)需分散重量，可在底座內(nèi)部增設(shè)配重塊，防止擺放時傾倒。對于帶有可活動部件（如螺旋槳、起落架）的模型，需保證活動關(guān)節(jié)靈活且不易松動，可在連接處添加少量潤滑油，但需避免油污污染模型表面。

　　The construction of the structure should follow the principles of proportional reduction and mechanical balance. Strictly scale according to the scale of the prototype to ensure accurate relative positions of the fuselage, wings, and tail fins, and avoid affecting aesthetics due to imbalanced proportions. During the construction process, attention should be paid to the stability of the center of gravity. The bottom support structure of large models needs to distribute weight, and counterweights can be added inside the base to prevent tipping during placement. For models with movable components such as propellers and landing gear, it is necessary to ensure that the movable joints are flexible and not easily loose. A small amount of lubricating oil can be added at the connection, but oil pollution on the surface of the model should be avoided.

　　細(xì)節(jié)處理影響整體質(zhì)感。模型表面的紋路、標(biāo)識需清晰還原，可通過激光雕刻或精密印刷實現(xiàn)，但要避免過度堆砌細(xì)節(jié)導(dǎo)致視覺雜亂。對于模擬駕駛艙、發(fā)動機(jī)等內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)，若需展示，應(yīng)采用透明材質(zhì)配合內(nèi)部燈光，但燈光線路需隱藏布置，防止電線外露影響美觀，同時選用低功率 LED 燈，避免熱量過高損壞周邊材料。打磨環(huán)節(jié)需細(xì)致，確保機(jī)身表面光滑無毛刺，拐角處可做圓角處理，既提升手感，也降低磕碰時的損壞風(fēng)險。

　　Detail processing affects the overall texture. The patterns and markings on the surface of the model need to be clearly restored, which can be achieved through laser engraving or precision printing, but excessive stacking of details should be avoided to avoid visual clutter. For simulating the internal structure of the cockpit, engine, etc., if it is necessary to display, transparent materials should be used with internal lighting, but the lighting circuit should be hidden to prevent the wires from being exposed and affecting the appearance. At the same time, low-power LED lights should be selected to avoid damage to surrounding materials due to excessive heat. The polishing process needs to be meticulous to ensure that the surface of the body is smooth and free of burrs. Rounding can be done at corners to improve the feel and reduce the risk of damage during collisions.

　　擺設(shè)環(huán)境的選擇與布置同樣關(guān)鍵。應(yīng)避免將模型擺放在陽光直射、潮濕或通風(fēng)過強(qiáng)的位置 —— 長期日曬會導(dǎo)致材料老化，潮濕環(huán)境可能引發(fā)金屬部件銹蝕，強(qiáng)風(fēng)則可能使模型晃動甚至傾倒。擺放臺面需平整穩(wěn)固，若模型高度超過 1.5 米，建議采用落地式支架，支架與地面接觸部分加裝防滑墊，同時在模型與支架連接處做好固定。周圍環(huán)境需預(yù)留足夠空間，避免與其他物品距離過近，防止碰撞或摩擦造成刮痕。

　　The selection and arrangement of the decoration environment are equally crucial. It is advisable to avoid placing the model in a location with direct sunlight, humidity, or excessive ventilation - long-term sun exposure can cause material aging, humid environments may cause metal parts to rust, and strong winds may cause the model to shake or even topple. The tabletop should be flat and stable. If the height of the model exceeds 1.5 meters, it is recommended to use a floor standing bracket. Anti slip pads should be added to the contact part between the bracket and the ground, and fixed at the connection between the model and the bracket. Adequate space should be reserved in the surrounding environment to avoid getting too close to other objects and prevent scratches caused by collisions or friction.

　　日常維護(hù)能延長模型壽命。定期用軟毛刷或干布清理表面灰塵，對于縫隙處的積塵可使用氣吹清理，避免用水或清潔劑直接擦拭，以防損壞涂料。若發(fā)現(xiàn)部件松動或表面磨損，需及時修復(fù)，例如用同色涂料填補(bǔ)劃痕，用專用膠水加固松動的連接部位。對于長期不展示的模型，應(yīng)放入專用收納盒，內(nèi)部填充防潮劑，避免擠壓堆放。

　　Daily maintenance can extend the lifespan of the model. Regularly clean the surface dust with a soft bristled brush or dry cloth. For dust accumulation in gaps, use air blowing to clean, avoiding direct wiping with water or cleaning agents to prevent damage to the coating. If loose parts or surface wear are found, they should be repaired in a timely manner, such as filling scratches with paint of the same color or reinforcing loose connection parts with special glue. For models that are not displayed for a long time, they should be placed in dedicated storage boxes filled with moisture-proof agents to avoid squeezing and stacking.

　　此外，運輸與安裝過程需格外謹(jǐn)慎。大型模型建議拆解運輸，將易損部件單獨包裝，搬運時輕拿輕放，避免提拉機(jī)翼、尾翼等薄弱部位。安裝時按組裝順序逐步進(jìn)行，先固定底座，再依次安裝機(jī)身、機(jī)翼等部件，最后調(diào)整細(xì)節(jié)位置，確保整體穩(wěn)固后再移除支撐工具。

　　In addition, extra caution is required during transportation and installation processes. It is recommended to disassemble and transport large models, package vulnerable parts separately, handle them gently during transportation, and avoid pulling weak parts such as wings and tail fins. The installation shall be carried out step by step according to the assembly sequence, first fixing the base, then installing the fuselage, wings and other parts in turn, and finally adjusting the detail position to ensure the overall stability before removing the support tools.

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